Programming language · 1957

Fortran

General-purpose programming language.

Official site ›
Fortran logo
FortranWritten in
1957First released
John BackusDeveloper
staticTyping
Built fromInfluenced Fortran FortranSpeedcodingFortran 95MATLABPL/IJuliaBASICCCOBOLChapel
CompilerInfluence
Replacedassembly for scientific and numerical computing
Being replaced byC++, Python, and Julia for new work, though Fortran math libraries remain in use

What is Fortran written in?

The Fortran compiler is written in Fortran (documented). Fortran is self-hosting.

What Fortran is used for

Fortran remains the language of high-performance numerical and scientific computing, weather prediction, computational physics, and engineering simulations, where decades of optimized math libraries still run.

Notable software: climate and weather models, and core linear-algebra libraries (BLAS, LAPACK) that underpin much of modern scientific computing.

Quick Facts

Designed by
John Backus
Developer
IBM
First released
1957
Typing
static
Filename extension
.f, .for, .f90

About Fortran

Fortran is a general-purpose programming language. It is a statically typed language that compiles ahead of time to native machine code. It supports imperative and procedural programming.

Fortran first appeared in 1957 and was designed by John Backus. Development is led by IBM.

How Fortran is implemented

In the Language Lineage dataset, Fortran is self-hosting, so its own compiler is written in Fortran itself. Reaching self-hosting, where a language is mature enough to compile itself, is a milestone that proves the language can handle a large, real-world program.

Fortran in the language family tree

Fortran drew on ideas from Speedcoding and went on to influence Julia, COBOL, C, MATLAB, PL/I, and Fortran 95.

Sources: Wikipedia · Wikidata · Official site

Frequently Asked Questions

What language is Fortran written in?
Fortran is primarily implemented in Fortran. See the implementation section above for details and source references.
What languages influenced Fortran?
Fortran was influenced by Speedcoding among others. See the influence section above for the full list.
Which languages did Fortran influence?
Fortran influenced Julia, COBOL, C among others.
Is Fortran self-hosting?
Yes, Fortran is self-hosting, its compiler can compile itself.
When was Fortran first released?
Fortran was first released in 1957. It was designed by John Backus.

Evidence Sources

Discover More

Embed this graph

Paste this iframe into any HTML page to show the Fortran relationship graph.

<iframe src="https://www.languagelineage.org/embed?lang=fortran" width="100%" height="500" loading="lazy" style="border:0" title="Fortran relationship graph"></iframe>

Please attribute the visualization to Language Lineage and link to the Fortran source record.

Explore Fortran in Graph →